Article The simplest form of the definite type of the inflorescence is seen in Anemone nemorosa and in gentianella Gentiana acaulis, where the axis terminates in a single flower, no other flowers being produced upon the is a solitary terminal other flowers were produced, they would arise as lateral shoots from the bracts below the first-formed general name of cyme is applied to the arrangement of a group of flowers in a definite inflorescence.

A cymose inflorescence is an inflorescence where the primary floral axis before terminating in a flower gives off one or more lateral unifloral axes which repeat flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago process - the development being only limited by the vigour of the floral axes are thus centrifugally cyme, according to its development, has been characterized as biparous or fig.

16 the biparous cyme is represented in the flowering branch of the primary axis t flower delivery 02359 in a flower, which has passed into the state of its base two leaves are produced, in each of which arise secondary axes t t, ending in single flowers, and at the base of these axes a pair of opposite leaves is produced, giving rise to tertiary axes 1" t", ending in single flowers, and so on.

The term dichasium has also been applied to this form of cyme. article In the natural order Carophyllaceae pink family the dichasial form of inflorescence is very some members of the order, as Dianthus barbatus, D.in which the peduncles are short, and the flowers closely approximated, with a centrifugal expansion, the inflorescence has the form of a contracted dichasium, and receives the name of the axes become very much shortened, the arrangement is more complicated in appearance, and the nature of the inflorescence can only be recognized by the order of opening of the Labiate plants, as the dead-nettle Lamium, the flowers are produced in the axil of each of the foliage leaves of the plant, and they appear as if arranged in a simple whorl of on examination it is found that there is a central flower expanding first, and from its axis two secondary axes spring bearing solitary flowers; the expansion is thus inflorescence is therefore a contracted dichasium, the flowers being sessile, or nearly so, and the clusters are called verticillasters fig.

Sometimes, especially towards the summit of a dichasium, owing to the exhaustion of the growing power of the plant, only one of the bracts gives origin to a new axis, the other remaining empty; thus the inflorescence becomes unilateral, and further development is addition to the dichasial form there are flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago where more than two lateral axes are produced from the primary floral axis, each of which in turn From Strasburgers Lehrbuch der Botanik, by permission of Gustav Fischer.

- Cymose inflorescence dichasium of Cerastium collinum; t-t", successive axes. produces numerous this form the terms trichasial and polychasial cyme have been applied; but these are now usually designated cymose are well seen in some species of term, anthela, has singing telegrams ny gorilla flower delivery used to distinguish such forms as occur in several species of Luzula and FIG.

- Flowering stalk of the White Dead-nettle Lamium album. The bracts are like the ordinary leaves of the plant, and produce clusters of flowers in their clusters are called verticillasters, and consist of flowers which are produced in a centrifugal manner. article In the uniparous cyme a number of floral flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago are successively developed one from the other, but the axis of each successive generation, instead of producing a pair of bracts, produces only basal portion of the consecutive axes may become much thickened and arranged more or less flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago a straight line, ns and thus collectively form an apparent or false axis or sympodium, and the inflorescence thus simulates a the true raceme, however, we find only a single axis, producing in succession a series of bracts, from which the floral peduncles arise as lateral shoots, and thus each flower is on the same side of the floral axis as the bract in the axil of which it is developed; but in the uniparous cyme the flower of each of these axes, the basal portions of which unite to form the false axis, flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago situated on the opposite side of the axis to the bract from which it apparently arises fig.

The bract is not, however, the one from which the axis terminating in the flower arises, but is a bract produced upon it, and gives origin in its axil to a new axis, the basal portion FIG. article The flowers are in heads capitula, and open from the circumference inwards in an indefinite centripetal heads of flowers, on the other hand, taken collectively, expand centrifugally - the central one a first.

of which, constituting the next part of the false axis, occupies the angle between this bract and its flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago axis - the bract flower delivery york pennsylvania which the axis really does arise being situated lower down upon the same side of the axis with uniparous cyme presents two forms, the scorpioid or cicinal and the helicoid or bostrychoid.

In the scorpioid cyme the flowers are arranged alternately in a double row along one side of the false axis fig. 19, the bracts when developed forming a second double row on the opposite side; the whole inflorescence usually curves on itself like a scorpions tail, hence its fig. 20 is shown a diagrammatic sketch of this false axis, a b c d, is formed by successive generations of unifloral axes, the flowers being arranged along one side alternately and in a double row; had the bracts been developed they would have formed a similar double row on the opposite side of the false axis; the whole inflorescence is represented as curved on inflorescence in the family Boraginaceae are usually regarded as true scorpioid cymes.

article In the helicoid cyme there is also a false axis formed by the basal portion of the separate axes, but the flowers are not placed in a double row, but in a single row, and form a spiral or helix round the false Alstroemeria, as represented in fig.

18, the axis a l ends in a flower cut off in the figure and bears a the axil of this leaf, that is, between it and the primary axis a l arises a secondary axis a2, ending in a flower f 2and producing a leaf about the the axil of this leaf a tertiary floral axis a 3, ending in a flower f 3, takes this case the axes are not arranged in two rows along one side of the false axis, but are placed at regular intervals, so as to form an elongated spiral round it.

Compound definite inflorescences are by no means common, but in Streptocarpus polyanthus and in several calceolarias we probably have there are scorpioid cymes of pairs of flowers, each pair consisting of an older and a younger flower. Forms of inflorescence occur, in which both the definite and indefinite types are represented - mixed in Composite plants,such as hawkweeds Hieracia and ragworts Senecio, fig.

21, the heads of flowers,Mixe d taken as a whole, are developed centrifugally, the terminal head first, while the florets, or small flowers on the receptacle, open centripetally, those at the circumference also in Labiatae, such as dead-nettle Lamium, the different whorls of inflorescence are developed centripetally, while the florets of the verticillaster are mixed character presents difficulties in such cases as Labiatae, where the leaves, in place of retaining their ordinary form, become bracts, and thus might lead to the supposition of the whole series of flowers being one such cases the cymes are described as spiked, racemose, or panicled, according to Saxifraga umbrosa London-pride and in the horse-chestnut we meet with a raceme of scorpioid cymes; in sea-pink, a capitulum of contracted scorpioid cymes often called a glomerulus; in laurustinus, a compound umbel of dichasial cymes; a scorpioid cyme of capitula in Vernonia so-called catkins of the birch are, in reality, spikes of flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago dichasial the flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago Campanula there is a racemose uniparous the privet Ligustrum vulgare there are numerous racemes of dichasia arranged in a racemose manner along an axis; the whole inflorescence thus has an appearance not unlike a bunch of grapes, and has been called a thyrsus.

article Elongated form, Forget-me-not, Symphytum, Henbane. Biparous Cyme Dichotomous,including 3-5chotomou3 Cymes Dichasium, Cymose Flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago, Anthela. Scorpioid Cyme of Capitula, Vernonia scorpioides. Compound Umbel of Dichotomous Cymes,Laurustinus. Capitulum of contracted Scorpioid Cymes Glomerulus, Sea-pink. consists of the floral axis bearing the sporophylls carpels, usually with certain protective axis is usually very much contracted, no internodes being developed, and the portion bearing the floral leaves, termed the thalamus or torus, frequently expands into a conical, flattened or hollowed expansion; at other times, though rarely, the internodes are developed and it is this torus the parts of the flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago are arranged in a crowded manner, usually forming a series of verticils, the parts of which alternate; but they are sometimes arranged spirally especially if the floral axis be a typical flower, as in fig.

22, we recognize four distinct whorls of leaves an outer whorl, the calyx of sepals; within it, another whorl, the parts alternating with those of the outer whorl, the corolla of petals; next a whorl of parts alternating with the parts of the corolla, the androecium of stamens; and in the centre the gynoecium of carpels.

23 is a diagrammatic flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago of the arrangement of the parts of such a flower; it is known as a floral flower is supposed to be cut transversely, and the parts of each whorl are distinguished by a different these whorls the two internal, forming the sporophylls, constitute the essential organs of reproduction; the two outer whorls are the protective coverings or floral sepals are generally of a greenish colour; their function is mainly protective, shielding the more delicate internal organs before the flower petals are usually showy, and normally alternate with the sepals.

Sometimes, as usually in monocotyledons, the calyx and corolla are similar; in such cases the term perianth, or perigone, is applied. Thus, in the tulip, crocus, lily, speak of the parts of the perianth, in place of corolla, although in these plants there is an outer whorl calyx, of three parts, and an inner corolla, of a similar number, alternating with the parts of the calyx are in appearance like petals they are said to be petaloid, as in some cases the flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago have the flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago of sepals, then they are sepaloid, as in plants, as Nymphaea alba, where a spiral arrangement of the floral leaves occurs, it is not easy to say where the calyx ends and the corolla begins, as these two whorls pass insensibly into each both calyx and corolla are present, the plants are dichlamydeous; when one only is present, the flower is termed monochlamydeous or apetalous, having no petals fig.

Sometimes both are absent, when the flower is achlamydeous, or naked, as in outermost series of the essential organs, collectively termed the androecium, is composed of the microsporophylls known as the staminal leaves or their most differentiated form each consists of a stalk, the filament fig.

25, f, supporting at its summit the anther a, consisting of the pollen-sacs which flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago the powdery pollen p, the microspores, which is ultimately discharged gynoecium or pistil is the central portion of the flower, terminating the floral consists of one or more carpels megasporophylls, either separate flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago. The parts distinguished in the pistil are the ovary fig.

The androecium and gynoecium are not present in all both are present the flower is hermaphrodite; flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago in descriptive botany such a flower is indicated by the symbol l. When only one of those organs is present the flower is unisexual or diclinous, and is either male staminate, jor female pistillate, ?. A flower then normally consists of the four series of leaves - calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium - and when these are all present the flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago is are usually densely crowded upon the thalamus, but in some instances, after apical growth has ceased in the axis, an elongation of portions of the receptacle by intercalary growth occurs, by which changes in the position of the parts may be brought in Lychnis an elongation of the axis betwixt the calyx and the corolla takes place, and in this way they are separated by an interval.

Again, in the passion-flower Passiflora the stamens are separated from the corolla by an elongated portion of the axis, which has consequently been termed the andro phone, and in Passiflora also, fraxinella fig. 27, Capparidaceae, flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago some other plants, the ovary is raised upon a distinct stalk termed the gynophore; it is thus separated from the flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago, and is said to be the successive whorls of the flower, disposed from below upwards or from without inwards upon the floral axis, are of the same number of parts, or are a multiple of the same number of parts, those of one whorl alternating with those of the whorls flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago it.

article In the more primitive types of flowers the torus is more or less convex, and the series of organs follow in regular succession, culminating in the carpels, in the formation of which the growth of the axis is closed fig.

This arrangement is known as hypogynous, the other series calyx, corolla and stamens being beneath hypo- the other flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago, the apex of the growing point ceases to develop, and the parts below form a cup around it, from the rim of which the outer members of the flower are developed around peri- the carpels, which are formed from the apex of the growing-point at the bottom of the arrangement is known as perigynous flower delivery florence. In many cases this is carried farther and a cavity is formed which is roofed over The flower stamens and FIG.

- Monochlamydeous apetalous flower of Goosefoot Chenopodium, consisting of a single perianth calyx of five parts, enclosing five stamens, which are opposite the divisions of the perianth, owing flower delivery vallejo california the absence of the petals.

- Stamen, consisting of a filament stalk f and an anther a, containing the pollen p, which is discharged through slits in the two lobes of the anther. article The pistil is placed on the receptacle r, at the extremity of the peduncle. - Calyx and pistil of Fraxinella Flowers delivery in trinidad and tobago Fraxinella.